We are living longer than ever and helping an ageing population remain relatively fit and healthy is becoming a dilemma for health professionals.
The reality is that the elderly have such a diverse range of physical abilities that no one-size-fits-all fitness regime can possibly be prescribed for everyone of retirement age. What is also clear, however, is that being able to remain physically active, no matter how limited, is essential for all-round health.
Aerobic activity such as walking, cycling, swimming or jogging – or even participating in an exercise class – will help to work the heart and lungs efficiently, reduce the risks of heart disease and maintain weight. Strengthening exercises specially designed for the elderly will build and maintain muscle mass while staving off the weakness and frailty that is part of ageing. And another crucial form of exercise for older people is stretching and flexibility training to offset the natural decline in joint flexibility and muscle elasticity.
Even regular gentle exercise will have a positive effect on health because physical activity reduces the risk of developing such conditions as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes and osteoporosis. And the more active a person remains, the more likely he or she is to maintain an independent life where everyday chores and tasks such as climbing stairs, housework and gardening remain possible.
Many health authorities organise their own fitness programs for the elderly, encouraging them to join in on group activities such as aqua aerobics and tai chi and to do participate in aerobic activity at least twice a week. These classes often focus on balance, posture and strength rather than pushing participants to their physical limits.
The expert advice on fitness is keep moving while you can because the more you do, the greater the health benefits.